Gegeven een binaire boom, is het de taak om de hoogte van de boom te vinden. De hoogte van de boom is het aantal hoekpunten in de boom, vanaf de wortel tot het diepste knooppunt.
Opmerking: De hoogte van een lege boom is 0 en de hoogte van een boom met één knooppunt is 1 .

Voorbeeld van binaire boom
Aanbevolen oefening Hoogte van binaire boom Probeer het!Bereken recursief de hoogte van de links en de rechts subbomen van een knooppunt en wijs hoogte toe aan het knooppunt als maximaal de lengte van twee kinderen plus 1 . Zie hieronder de pseudocode en het programma voor details.
Illustratie:
Beschouw de volgende boom:
Voorbeeld van boom
maxdiepte(‘1’) = max(maxdiepte(‘2’), maxdiepte(‘3’)) + 1 = 2 + 1
omdat recursief
maxDepth(‘2’) = max (maxDepth(‘4’), maxDepth(‘5’)) + 1 = 1 + 1 en (aangezien de hoogte van zowel ‘4’ als ‘5’ 1 is)
maxDiepte(‘3’) = 1
Volg de onderstaande stappen om het idee te implementeren:
- Voer recursief een diepte-eerst-zoekopdracht uit.
- Als de boom leeg is, retourneer dan 0
- Doe anders het volgende
- Haal de maximale diepte van de linker subboom recursief op, d.w.z. bel maxDepth( tree->left-subtree)
- Haal recursief de maximale diepte van de rechter subboom op, d.w.z. roep maxDepth( tree->right-subtree) aan
- Verkrijg de maximale maximale diepte van links En rechts subbomen en voeg 1 toe voor het huidige knooppunt.
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- Max_diepte retourneren.
Hieronder vindt u de implementatie van de bovenstaande aanpak:
C++
// C++ program to find height of tree> #include> using> namespace> std;> /* A binary tree node has data, pointer to left child> and a pointer to right child */> class> node {> public>:> >int> data;> >node* left;> >node* right;> };> /* Compute the 'maxDepth' of a tree -- the number of> >nodes along the longest path from the root node> >down to the farthest leaf node.*/> int> maxDepth(node* node)> {> >if> (node == NULL)> >return> 0;> >else> {> >/* compute the depth of each subtree */> >int> lDepth = maxDepth(node->links);> >int> rDepth = maxDepth(node->rechts);> >/* use the larger one */> >if> (lDepth>rDiepte)> >return> (lDepth + 1);> >else> >return> (rDepth + 1);> >}> }> /* Helper function that allocates a new node with the> given data and NULL left and right pointers. */> node* newNode(>int> data)> {> >node* Node =>new> node();> >Node->gegevens = gegevens;> >Node->links = NULL;> >Node->rechts = NULL;> >return> (Node);> }> // Driver code> int> main()> {> >node* root = newNode(1);> >root->left = newNode(2);> >root->rechts = newNode(3);> >root->links->links = newNode(4);> >root->links->rechts = newNode(5);> >cout <<>'Height of tree is '> << maxDepth(root);> >return> 0;> }> // This code is contributed by Amit Srivastav> |
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C
#include> #include> /* A binary tree node has data, pointer to left child> >and a pointer to right child */> struct> node {> >int> data;> >struct> node* left;> >struct> node* right;> };> /* Compute the 'maxDepth' of a tree -- the number of> >nodes along the longest path from the root node> >down to the farthest leaf node.*/> int> maxDepth(>struct> node* node)> {> >if> (node == NULL)> >return> 0;> >else> {> >/* compute the depth of each subtree */> >int> lDepth = maxDepth(node->links);> >int> rDepth = maxDepth(node->rechts);> >/* use the larger one */> >if> (lDepth>rDiepte)> >return> (lDepth + 1);> >else> >return> (rDepth + 1);> >}> }> /* Helper function that allocates a new node with the> >given data and NULL left and right pointers. */> struct> node* newNode(>int> data)> {> >struct> node* node> >= (>struct> node*)>malloc>(>sizeof>(>struct> node));> >node->gegevens = gegevens;> >node->links = NULL;> >node->rechts = NULL;> >return> (node);> }> int> main()> {> >struct> node* root = newNode(1);> >root->left = newNode(2);> >root->rechts = newNode(3);> >root->links->links = newNode(4);> >root->links->rechts = newNode(5);> >printf>(>'Height of tree is %d'>, maxDepth(root));> >getchar>();> >return> 0;> }> |
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Java
// Java program to find height of tree> // A binary tree node> class> Node {> >int> data;> >Node left, right;> >Node(>int> item)> >{> >data = item;> >left = right =>null>;> >}> }> class> BinaryTree {> >Node root;> >/* Compute the 'maxDepth' of a tree -- the number of> >nodes along the longest path from the root node> >down to the farthest leaf node.*/> >int> maxDepth(Node node)> >{> >if> (node ==>null>)> >return> 0>;> >else> {> >/* compute the depth of each subtree */> >int> lDepth = maxDepth(node.left);> >int> rDepth = maxDepth(node.right);> >/* use the larger one */> >if> (lDepth>rDiepte)> >return> (lDepth +>1>);> >else> >return> (rDepth +>1>);> >}> >}> >/* Driver program to test above functions */> >public> static> void> main(String[] args)> >{> >BinaryTree tree =>new> BinaryTree();> >tree.root =>new> Node(>1>);> >tree.root.left =>new> Node(>2>);> >tree.root.right =>new> Node(>3>);> >tree.root.left.left =>new> Node(>4>);> >tree.root.left.right =>new> Node(>5>);> >System.out.println(>'Height of tree is '> >+ tree.maxDepth(tree.root));> >}> }> // This code has been contributed by Amit Srivastav> |
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Python3
# Python3 program to find the maximum depth of tree> # A binary tree node> class> Node:> ># Constructor to create a new node> >def> __init__(>self>, data):> >self>.data>=> data> >self>.left>=> None> >self>.right>=> None> # Compute the 'maxDepth' of a tree -- the number of nodes> # along the longest path from the root node down to the> # farthest leaf node> def> maxDepth(node):> >if> node>is> None>:> >return> 0> >else>:> ># Compute the depth of each subtree> >lDepth>=> maxDepth(node.left)> >rDepth>=> maxDepth(node.right)> ># Use the larger one> >if> (lDepth>rDiepte):> >return> lDepth>+>1> >else>:> >return> rDepth>+>1> # Driver program to test above function> root>=> Node(>1>)> root.left>=> Node(>2>)> root.right>=> Node(>3>)> root.left.left>=> Node(>4>)> root.left.right>=> Node(>5>)> print>(>'Height of tree is %d'> %> (maxDepth(root)))> # This code is contributed by Amit Srivastav> |
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C#
// C# program to find height of tree> using> System;> // A binary tree node> public> class> Node {> >public> int> data;> >public> Node left, right;> >public> Node(>int> item)> >{> >data = item;> >left = right =>null>;> >}> }> public> class> BinaryTree {> >Node root;> >/* Compute the 'maxDepth' of a tree -- the number of> >nodes along the longest path from the root node> >down to the farthest leaf node.*/> >int> maxDepth(Node node)> >{> >if> (node ==>null>)> >return> 0;> >else> {> >/* compute the depth of each subtree */> >int> lDepth = maxDepth(node.left);> >int> rDepth = maxDepth(node.right);> >/* use the larger one */> >if> (lDepth>rDiepte)> >return> (lDepth + 1);> >else> >return> (rDepth + 1);> >}> >}> >/* Driver code */> >public> static> void> Main(String[] args)> >{> >BinaryTree tree =>new> BinaryTree();> >tree.root =>new> Node(1);> >tree.root.left =>new> Node(2);> >tree.root.right =>new> Node(3);> >tree.root.left.left =>new> Node(4);> >tree.root.left.right =>new> Node(5);> >Console.WriteLine(>'Height of tree is '> >+ tree.maxDepth(tree.root));> >}> }> // This code has been contributed by> // Correction done by Amit Srivastav> |
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Javascript
> // JavaScript program to find height of tree> // A binary tree node> class Node> {> >constructor(item)> >{> >this>.data=item;> >this>.left=>this>.right=>null>;> >}> }> >let root;> > >/* Compute the 'maxDepth' of a tree -- the number of> >nodes along the longest path from the root node> >down to the farthest leaf node.*/> >function> maxDepth(node)> >{> >if> (node ==>null>)> >return> 0;> >else> >{> >/* compute the depth of each subtree */> >let lDepth = maxDepth(node.left);> >let rDepth = maxDepth(node.right);> > >/* use the larger one */> >if> (lDepth>rDiepte)> >return> (lDepth + 1);> >else> >return> (rDepth + 1);> >}> >}> > >/* Driver program to test above functions */> > >root =>new> Node(1);> >root.left =>new> Node(2);> >root.right =>new> Node(3);> >root.left.left =>new> Node(4);> >root.left.right =>new> Node(5);> > >document.write(>'Height of tree is : '> +> >maxDepth(root));> // This code is contributed by rag2127> //Correction done by Amit Srivastav> > |
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Uitvoer
Height of tree is 3>
Tijdcomplexiteit: O(N) (Zie het bericht op Boomdoortocht voor details)
Hulpruimte: O(N) vanwege recursieve stapel.
Vind de maximale diepte of hoogte van een boom met behulp van Traversatie van niveauorders :
Doen Traversatie van niveauorders , terwijl je op elk niveau knooppunten toevoegt Volg de onderstaande stappen om het idee te implementeren:
- Doorloop de boom in niveauvolgorde, beginnend vanaf wortel .
- Initialiseer een lege wachtrij Q , een variabele diepte en duwen wortel en druk vervolgens nul in de Q .
- Voer een while-lus uit tot Q is niet leeg.
- Berg het voorste element op Q en Klap het voorste element eruit.
- Als de voorkant van Q is NUL dan verhogen diepte met één en als de wachtrij niet leeg is, druk dan op NUL in de Q .
- Anders als het element dat niet is NUL controleer dan of dit het geval is links En rechts kinderen en zo niet NUL duw ze erin Q .
- Opbrengst diepte .
Hieronder vindt u de implementatie van de bovenstaande aanpak:
C++
#include>#include>using>namespace>std;>// A Tree node>struct>Node {>>int>key;>>struct>Node *left, *right;>};>// Utility function to create a new node>Node* newNode(>int>key)>{>>Node* temp =>new>Node;>>temp->sleutel = sleutel;>>temp->links = temp->rechts = NULL;>>return>(temp);>}>/*Function to find the height(depth) of the tree*/>int>height(>struct>Node* root)>{>>// Initialising a variable to count the>>// height of tree>>int>depth = 0;>>queue q;>>// Pushing first level element along with NULL>>q.push(root);>>q.push(NULL);>>while>(!q.empty()) {>>Node* temp = q.front();>>q.pop();>>// When NULL encountered, increment the value>>if>(temp == NULL) {>>depth++;>>}>>// If NULL not encountered, keep moving>>if>(temp != NULL) {>>if>(temp->links) {>>q.push(temp->links);>>}>>if>(temp->rechts) {>>q.push(temp->rechts);>>}>>}>>// If queue still have elements left,>>// push NULL again to the queue.>>else>if>(!q.empty()) {>>q.push(NULL);>>}>>}>>return>depth;>}>// Driver program>int>main()>{>>// Let us create Binary Tree shown in above example>>Node* root = newNode(1);>>root->left = newNode(2);>>root->rechts = newNode(3);>>root->links->links = newNode(4);>>root->links->rechts = newNode(5);>>cout <<>'Height(Depth) of tree is: '><< height(root);>}>>>Java
// Java program for above approach>import>java.util.LinkedList;>import>java.util.Queue;>class>GFG {>>// A tree node structure>>static>class>Node {>>int>key;>>Node left;>>Node right;>>}>>// Utility function to create>>// a new node>>static>Node newNode(>int>key)>>{>>Node temp =>new>Node();>>temp.key = key;>>temp.left = temp.right =>null>;>>return>temp;>>}>>/*Function to find the height(depth) of the tree*/>>public>static>int>height(Node root)>>{>>// Initialising a variable to count the>>// height of tree>>int>depth =>0>;>>Queue q =>new>LinkedList();>>// Pushing first level element along with null>>q.add(root);>>q.add(>null>);>>while>(!q.isEmpty()) {>>Node temp = q.peek();>>q.remove();>>// When null encountered, increment the value>>if>(temp ==>null>) {>>depth++;>>}>>// If null not encountered, keep moving>>if>(temp !=>null>) {>>if>(temp.left !=>null>) {>>q.add(temp.left);>>}>>if>(temp.right !=>null>) {>>q.add(temp.right);>>}>>}>>// If queue still have elements left,>>// push null again to the queue.>>else>if>(!q.isEmpty()) {>>q.add(>null>);>>}>>}>>return>depth;>>}>>// Driver Code>>public>static>void>main(String args[])>>{>>Node root = newNode(>1>);>>root.left = newNode(>2>);>>root.right = newNode(>3>);>>root.left.left = newNode(>4>);>>root.left.right = newNode(>5>);>>System.out.println(>'Height(Depth) of tree is: '>>+ height(root));>>}>}>// This code is contributed by jana_sayantan.>>>Python3
# Python code to implement the approach># A Tree node>class>Node:>>def>__init__(>self>):>>self>.key>=>0>>self>.left,>self>.right>=>None>,>None># Utility function to create a new node>def>newNode(key):>>temp>=>Node()>>temp.key>=>key>>temp.left, temp.right>=>None>,>None>>return>temp># Function to find the height(depth) of the tree>def>height(root):>># Initialising a variable to count the>># height of tree>>depth>=>0>>q>=>[]>># appending first level element along with None>>q.append(root)>>q.append(>None>)>>while>(>len>(q)>>0>):>>temp>=>q[>0>]>>q>=>q[>1>:]>># When None encountered, increment the value>>if>(temp>=>=>None>):>>depth>+>=>1>># If None not encountered, keep moving>>if>(temp !>=>None>):>>if>(temp.left):>>q.append(temp.left)>>if>(temp.right):>>q.append(temp.right)>># If queue still have elements left,>># append None again to the queue.>>elif>(>len>(q)>>0>):>>q.append(>None>)>>return>depth># Driver program># Let us create Binary Tree shown in above example>root>=>newNode(>1>)>root.left>=>newNode(>2>)>root.right>=>newNode(>3>)>root.left.left>=>newNode(>4>)>root.left.right>=>newNode(>5>)>print>(f>'Height(Depth) of tree is: {height(root)}'>)># This code is contributed by shinjanpatra>>>C#
// C# Program to find the Maximum Depth or Height of Binary Tree>using>System;>using>System.Collections.Generic;>// A Tree node>public>class>Node {>>public>int>data;>>public>Node left, right;>>public>Node(>int>item)>>{>>data = item;>>left =>null>;>>right =>null>;>>}>}>public>class>BinaryTree {>>Node root;>>// Function to find the height(depth) of the tree>>int>height()>>{>>// Initialising a variable to count the>>// height of tree>>int>depth = 0;>>Queue q =>new>Queue();>>// Pushing first level element along with NULL>>q.Enqueue(root);>>q.Enqueue(>null>);>>while>(q.Count != 0) {>>Node temp = q.Dequeue();>>// When NULL encountered, increment the value>>if>(temp ==>null>)>>depth++;>>// If NULL not encountered, keep moving>>if>(temp !=>null>) {>>if>(temp.left !=>null>) {>>q.Enqueue(temp.left);>>}>>if>(temp.right !=>null>) {>>q.Enqueue(temp.right);>>}>>}>>// If queue still have elements left,>>// push NULL again to the queue>>else>if>(q.Count != 0) {>>q.Enqueue(>null>);>>}>>}>>return>depth;>>}>>// Driver program>>public>static>void>Main()>>{>>// Let us create Binary Tree shown in above example>>BinaryTree tree =>new>BinaryTree();>>tree.root =>new>Node(1);>>tree.root.left =>new>Node(2);>>tree.root.right =>new>Node(3);>>tree.root.left.left =>new>Node(4);>>tree.root.left.right =>new>Node(5);>>Console.WriteLine(>'Height(Depth) of tree is: '>>+ tree.height());>>}>}>// This code is contributed by Yash Agarwal(yashagarwal2852002)>>>Javascript
>// JavaScript code to implement the approach>// A Tree node>class Node{>>constructor(){>>this>.key = 0>>this>.left =>null>>this>.right =>null>>}>}>// Utility function to create a new node>function>newNode(key){>>let temp =>new>Node()>>temp.key = key>>temp.left =>null>>temp.right =>null>>return>temp>}>// Function to find the height(depth) of the tree>function>height(root){>>// Initialising a variable to count the>>// height of tree>>let depth = 0>>let q = []>>>// pushing first level element along with null>>q.push(root)>>q.push(>null>)>>while>(q.length>0){>>let temp = q.shift()>>>// When null encountered, increment the value>>if>(temp ==>null>)>>depth += 1>>>// If null not encountered, keep moving>>if>(temp !=>null>){>>if>(temp.left)>>q.push(temp.left)>>>if>(temp.right)>>q.push(temp.right)>>}>>>// If queue still have elements left,>>// push null again to the queue.>>else>if>(q.length>0)>>q.push(>null>)>>}>>return>depth>}>// Driver program>// Let us create Binary Tree shown in above example>let root = newNode(1)>root.left = newNode(2)>root.right = newNode(3)>root.left.left = newNode(4)>root.left.right = newNode(5)>document.write(`Height(Depth) of tree is: ${height(root)}`,>''>)>// This code is contributed by shinjanpatra>>>>
UitvoerHeight(Depth) of tree is: 3>Tijdcomplexiteit: OP)
Hulpruimte: OP)Een andere methode om hoogte te vinden met behulp van Traversatie van niveauorders :
C++
// C++ program for above approach>#include>using>namespace>std;>// A Tree node>struct>Node {>>int>key;>>struct>Node *left, *right;>};>// Utility function to create a new node>Node* newNode(>int>key)>{>>Node* temp =>new>Node;>>temp->sleutel = sleutel;>>temp->links = temp->rechts = NULL;>>return>(temp);>}>/*Function to find the height(depth) of the tree*/>int>height(Node* root)>{>>// Initialising a variable to count the>>// height of tree>>queue q;>>q.push(root);>>int>height = 0;>>while>(!q.empty()) {>>int>size = q.size();>>for>(>int>i = 0; i Node* temp = q.front(); q.pop(); if (temp->links!= NULL) { q.push(temp->links); } if (temp->right != NULL) { q.push(temp->right); } } hoogte++; } retourhoogte; } // Stuurprogramma int main() {// Laten we een binaire boom maken zoals weergegeven in het bovenstaande voorbeeld Node* root = newNode(1); root->links = newNode(2); root->right = newNode(3); root->links->links = newNode(4); root->links->rechts = newNode(5); uit<< 'Height(Depth) of tree is: ' << height(root); } // This code is contributed by Abhijeet Kumar(abhijeet19403)>>>Java
// Java program for above approach>import>java.util.LinkedList;>import>java.util.Queue;>class>GFG {>>// A tree node structure>>static>class>Node {>>int>key;>>Node left;>>Node right;>>}>>// Utility function to create>>// a new node>>static>Node newNode(>int>key)>>{>>Node temp =>new>Node();>>temp.key = key;>>temp.left = temp.right =>null>;>>return>temp;>>}>>/*Function to find the height(depth) of the tree*/>>public>static>int>height(Node root)>>{>>// Initialising a variable to count the>>// height of tree>>Queue q =>new>LinkedList();>>q.add(root);>>int>height =>0>;>>while>(!q.isEmpty()) {>>int>size = q.size();>>for>(>int>i =>0>; i Node temp = q.poll(); if (temp.left != null) { q.add(temp.left); } if (temp.right != null) { q.add(temp.right); } } height++; } return height; } // Driver Code public static void main(String args[]) { Node root = newNode(1); root.left = newNode(2); root.right = newNode(3); root.left.left = newNode(4); root.left.right = newNode(5); System.out.println('Height(Depth) of tree is: ' + height(root)); } }>>>Python3
# Python3 program to find the height of a tree>># A binary tree node>class>Node:>>># Constructor to create a new node>>def>__init__(>self>, data):>>self>.key>=>data>>self>.left>=>None>>self>.right>=>None>># Function to find height of tree>def>height(root):>># Base Case>>if>root>is>None>:>>return>0>>># Create an empty queue for level order traversal>>q>=>[]>>># Enqueue Root and initialize height>>q.append(root)>>height>=>0>>># Loop while queue is not empty>>while>q:>>># nodeCount (queue size) indicates number of nodes>># at current level>>nodeCount>=>len>(q)>>># Dequeue all nodes of current level and Enqueue all>># nodes of next level>>while>nodeCount>>0>:>>node>=>q.pop(>0>)>>if>node.left>is>not>None>:>>q.append(node.left)>>if>node.right>is>not>None>:>>q.append(node.right)>>nodeCount>->=>1>>height>+>=>1>>>return>height>># Driver Code>root>=>Node(>1>)>root.left>=>Node(>2>)>root.right>=>Node(>3>)>root.left.left>=>Node(>4>)>root.left.right>=>Node(>5>)>>print>(>'Height(Depth) of tree is'>, height(root))>>>C#
using>System;>using>System.Collections.Generic;>class>GFG {>>// A Tree node>>class>Node {>>public>int>key;>>public>Node left, right;>>public>Node(>int>key)>>{>>this>.key=key;>>this>.left=>this>.right=>null>;>>}>>}>>// Utility function to create a new node>>/*Node newNode(int key)>>{>>Node* temp = new Node;>>temp.key = key;>>temp.left = temp.right = NULL;>>return (temp);>>}*/>>/*Function to find the height(depth) of the tree*/>>static>int>height(Node root)>>{>>// Initialising a variable to count the>>// height of tree>>Queue q=>new>Queue();>>q.Enqueue(root);>>int>height = 0;>>while>(q.Count>0) {>>int>size = q.Count;>>for>(>int>i = 0; i Node temp = q.Peek(); q.Dequeue(); if (temp.left != null) { q.Enqueue(temp.left); } if (temp.right != null) { q.Enqueue(temp.right); } } height++; } return height; } // Driver program public static void Main() { // Let us create Binary Tree shown in above example Node root = new Node(1); root.left = new Node(2); root.right = new Node(3); root.left.left = new Node(4); root.left.right = new Node(5); Console.Write('Height(Depth) of tree is: ' + height(root)); } } // This code is contributed by poojaagarwal2.>>>Javascript
// JavaScript program for above approach>// a tree node>class Node{>>constructor(key){>>this>.key = key;>>this>.left =>this>.right =>null>;>>}>}>// utility function to create a new node>function>newNode(key){>>return>new>Node(key);>}>// function to find the height of the tree>function>height(root){>>// initialising a variable to count the>>// height of tree>>let q = [];>>q.push(root);>>let height = 0;>>while>(q.length>0){>>let size = q.length;>>for>(let i = 0; i let temp = q.shift(); if(temp.left != null){ q.push(temp.left); } if(temp.right != null){ q.push(temp.right); } } height++; } return height; } // driver code let root = newNode(1); root.left = newNode(2); root.right = newNode(3); root.left.left = newNode(4); root.left.right = newNode(5); document.write('Height(Depth) of tree is: ' + height(root)); // this code is contributed by Kirti Agarwal(kirtiagarwal23121999)>>>
UitvoerHeight(Depth) of tree is: 3>Tijdcomplexiteit: OP)
Hulpruimte: OP)